Geographicalnotes

Impact of Sea Level Rise: Due to the rise of sea water, the various rivers are flooded. As a result of rise in sea level, almost 33 % of the world’s crop lands could be submerged. As a result of rise in sea level, the mouths of drainage basins will undergo submergence. As a result of rise in sea level, beaches, coastal dune & bars will be destroys. Due to sea level rise, the ecosystem of deltas will be damages. Fig: Impact of Sea Level Rise Impact of Sea Level Fall: A fall in sea level may cause changes in the base levels of rivers. As a result of fall in sea level, deposited of substances produced by various corrosive processes. Sea level falling greatly regulates the spread of coral reefs. Water fall is one of the reasons for river’s regeneration. Deposition & erosion rates increased in the deep sea environments.

Sea level change is relative change in level of the sea surface that rise or fall with respect to the land surface. There are two types- A.)Sea Level Rise. B.)Sea Level Fall. A.)Sea Level Rise: Sea level rising while the land surface subsides, remains stationary or rises at a slower rate.  Characteristics: Due to the rise of sea water, the various rivers are flooded. As a result of rise in sea level, almost 33 % of the world’s crop lands could be submerged. As a result of rise in sea level, the mouths of drainage basins will undergo submergence. As a result of rise in sea level, beaches, coastal dune & bars will be destroys. B.)Sea Level Fall: Sea level falling while land surface rises, remains stationary or subsides at slow rate. Characteristics: A fall in sea level may cause changes in the base levels of rivers. As a result of fall in sea level, deposited of substances produced by various corrosive processes. Sea level falling greatly regulates t...

Sea level change is relative change in level of the sea surface that rise or fall with respect to the land surface. The sea level changes have been caused by several possible causes, these are- A.)Long Term Causes of Sea Level Changes: i.)Changes in Ocean water volume:  Changes in volume occurs due to melting & freezing of ice sheets. When ice sheet melts, volume of ocean water increases & sea level also rises. This sea level changes is called Eustatic change. If all of the in Antarctica were to melt, world sea level would rise between about 60 to 75m, & the Greenland in cap would add add about 5m. it glaciations develops then ocean water changes into ice & sea level subsides. ii.)Changes in Ocean Basin Volume:  Changes in the volume of ocean basins have been the most important factor in the influencing the broad trend of global sea level. Such changes can arise from a variety of causes. These causes are- a)       Sediment c...

Physical interaction between air & sea takes a number of forms- i.                 Ocean circulation/currents:  Current systems aid in the exchange of heat between low & high latitudes & are essential in the sustaining the global heat balance. Currents are set in motion predominantly by prevailing winds. The wind transfer energy by the frictional drag of the air blowing over the water surface.        The conveyor belt of ocean currents is very important in the climate system. Because of its long time scale this cycle provides a stabilizing effect on climate. ii.                Wave & Wave Breaking:  Undulation of surface water of sea by alternate crest & trough is called wave.                ...

The direct physical contact of atmosphere, ocean & land enables the exchange of energy & matter.                         Meteorology & Oceanographers studying air-sea interaction have therefore to deal with enormous scale of change & hundreds of factors that contribute in some way to exchanges between the atmosphere & the oceans. Process of Air-Sea Interaction: i.                 Temperature:  Temperature may transfer air to sea & also sea water to air. Due to this type of transfer air begins heating when heat input or cooling when release of heat to sea. Same process found in sea water. ii.                Moisture:  When dry air located over the sea it takes some moisture from the o...

Abyssal Plain:  Abyssal plains is an underwater plain on the deep ocean floor, usually found at depths between 3000 metres & 6000 metres. Characteristics: a)       Abyssal plain is the most extensive relief zone of the ocean floor. b)      The average slope gradient is almost 0.5ᵒ. c)       It covers nearly 40% of the ocean floor. d)      It is flat & rolling submarine plain. Abyssal Hill:  Abyssal hills a small hill that rises from the floor of an abyssal plain. Characteristics: a)       Covering more than 30% of the ocean floor. b)      Height of this hill is less than 100m. Seamounts: Seamounts is an volcanic projections that developed above the abyssal plains that do not rise above the surface of the sea. Characteristics: a)       Seamounts are circular or elliptical. b) ...