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Transport problems in urban areas

Transport Problems in Urban areas

The Linkage of urban centres is possible due to the development of road, rail, waterways & airways. Transportation lines act as the life for urban development without which the concentration of population & economic progress of the urban areas are not possible. Transport is necessary to satisfy the function & utility of a place.
Now a days, the existence of cities depend on the costs of transport because we need the close link with transportation lines in terms of living space, location of shops, industries, educational institutions & accommodate large-scale activities of modern civilization. 
The Function of Urban Transport:
      i.         Transport is not only serving the city but it is part of the city. It occupies nearly 30 to 40 per cent land near the city centre & about 20 per cent land near the suburb. Cities are made up of buildings & transportation lines.
     ii.         The houses & the urban activities could not be properly planned without transport system. 
   iii.         The level of the development of transport system varies from one part of the urban centre to the other, & hence we could say that the urban way of life is wholly dependent upon the nature & quality of its transport system.
   iv.         The interaction between transport & the nature nature of the city defines the function of transport.
Problems of Urban Transport System:
The problems of urban transport system are – 
      i.         Traffic Movement;
     ii.         Accidents;
   iii.         Parking Difficulties;
   iv.         Pedestrians Over-Crowding;
     v.         Dump of Garbage, Roaming of Cows & Potholes;
   vi.         Environment impact;
  vii.         Road Holdsup;
viii.         Inadequacy of Public Transport;
   ix.         Peak Hour Over Crowding.
Major Urban Transport System:
The selection of the mode of travel by urban population is determined by purpose of the journey, frequency, timing, length & characteristics of participate. Urban population for short distance may use urban bus services or any kind of settle service & on the other hand for long distance intra urban people generally use metro services or urban circular railway. In urban areas of India, intra-urban services can be categories into following categories:
(i).Non-Motorized Transport: Major means of non-motorized transport in India are:
a)     Crossing Distance by Working;
b)    Bicycle;
c)     Hand Driven Boat.
(ii).Motorized Transport: With the progress of civilization, India cities are going motorized dependent. Major means of motorized transport are:
a)     Urban Auto Risksha Service;
b)    Urban Bus Service;
c)     Urban Metro Service;
d)    Urban Mono Rail Service;
e)     Urban Steamer Service
(a).Urban Auto Risksha Service: Three Wheeler Auto-Risksha become major means of transportation in urban area for crossing short distance. Delhi, Kolkata, Bengaluru, Chennai, Hydrabad are the India’s cities where intra-urban auto-risksha service are dominated.
(b).Urban Bus Service: Urban Bus service in Kolkata, Mumbai, Chennai are oldest means of transport for long distance.
                  In modern time, India’s cities like Delhi, Indore, Pune, Bengaluru are trying to establish Bus Rapid Transport (BRT) corridor.
(c).Urban Metro Service: Metro rail services started in India during the decade of 1980 in Kolkata, Presently metro rail serviced has been expanded into other cities also Delhi, Jaipur, Bengaluru etc.
                        With the growth of metro services traffic jam became manageable, intra urban movement become faster & travel become comfortable. Government of India in association with State Government in India is trying to development metro services in other cities also.
(d).Urban Mono Rail Service: Mono rail service is limited to Mumbai only. Along with mono-rail services are gradually becoming cheaper. Many Indian cities are trying to introduce mono-rail & metro service Indian future.
(e).Urban Steamer Service: Intra-urban steamer service started in India, 1854 between Kolkata & Howrah. Presently Indian cities like Mumbai, Kakinara, Kochin etc. such transport system is noted.
Conclusion:

Intra-Urban transport sinerio is rapidly changing in India. With the introduction of Urban Renewal Mission (AMRUT) new low floor urban busses electric busses have been introduce in many cities. Urban circular railway & sub-urban local train service are using by million of people on daily basis. Along with those urban transport system many urban areas in hill town established rope way transport.
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