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Major Features of Ocean Floor

The major features of ocean floor are-

A.Continental Margins:
i.Continental Shelf: The shallow submerged extension of a continent is called the continental shelf.
ii.Continental Slope: The zone of steep slope extending from the continental shelf to the deep ocean floor is called continental slope.
iii.Continental Rise: Along passive margins the oceanic crust at the base of the continental slope is covered by an apron of accumulated sediment called the continental rise.
Fig: Continental Margins
B.Deep-Ocean Basin:
iv.Abyssal Plain: Abyssal plains is an underwater plain on the deep ocean floor, usually found at depths between 3000 metres & 6000 metres.
v.Abyssal Hill: Abyssal hills a small hill that rises from the floor of an abyssal plain.
vi.Seamounts: Seamounts is an volcanic projections that developed above the abyssal plains that do not rise above the surface of the sea.
vii.Guyots: Guyots are flat-topped seamounts or volcanic hills.
viii.Ocean Trenches: Ocean trenches is an arc-shaped depression in the deep ocean floor.
ix.Island Arc: Island arcs is an curving chains of volcanic islands & seamounts, are almost always found paralleling the concave edges of trenches.
x.Mid-Ocean Ridge: Mid-Ocean ridges is a seafloor mountain or volcanic that formed by plate tectonics that are most extensive relief features not only of the ocean basins but of the entire globe.
Fig: Deep-ocean basin

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