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Methods of Regionalisation

The methods of regionalization could be along the following lines.
1.     It could consider homogeneity, i.e., one set or a combination of physical & socio-economic attributes.
2.     It could be on the basis of nodality or polarization, i.e., forming a region around a core urban place.
3.     It could be on the basis of a programming or policy-oriented region, i.e., one based on administrative coherence or resemblance between the area being studied & the political institutions for effectuating policy decisions. (J.R. Meyer)
Regionalisation of Formal Region:
In identifying formal regions, we consider homogeneity or uniformity on the basis of certain criteria. For example, the economic criterion considers the per capita income level of a formal region.
If more than one feature is taken into consideration, the following methods are employed:
1.The Fixed Index Method:
Under the fixed index method, a common characteristics feature is chosen, i.e., per capita income, percentage of literacy, etc.
2.The Variable Index Method:
Under the variable index method, variable weights are attached to highlight different levels pf activities in different regions.
3.The Cluster Method:
The cluster method is employed to identify homogenous regions. The clusters are mapped with the help of mapping techniques whereas inter-related variables are mapped with the help of superimposed techniques. The composite ranking of areas is used when the variables are too many & have weak relations.
4.Weighted Index Number Method:
Under this method, divided the area into 9 parts on the basis of unemployment & per capita income. First, the area is divided into two parts on the basis of similarity or differences the per capita income & unemployment.
weighted index number method
Fig: Weighted Index Number Method

Regionalisation of Formal Region:
The methods used are 
1.Flow Analysis Method:
Flow analysis considers intra-regional commuting flows, commodity flows, migration flows, trade area, newspaper circulation area & so on.
2.Gravitational Analysis Method:
Gravitational analysis studies the theoretical forces of attraction between two centres. The gravitational force between centres ‘i’ and ‘j’ can be expressed as – 
Gij = K []
Where, Gij = Gravitational force between centres i and j.
Mi and Mj = the masses of the centres i and j.
dij = distance between i and j.

K = constant.
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